Breast Surgery with Implants in Khoms

The term mammoplasty covers several operations: augmentation (implants to increase volume), reduction (excess tissue and skin removed), mastopexy (a lift for sagging), reconstruction (after mastectomy) and correction of asymmetry. Which method is best is decided individually, from your wishes and the surgeon's advice.

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Complications are rare when recommendations are fully followed, yet they can include hematoma or seroma, wound infection, reduced or increased nipple sensitivity, capsular contracture, aesthetic asymmetry, separation of the wound and tissue necrosis.

A mammoplasty result lasts a long time, about 10–15 years after augmentation (until implants need replacing) and 5–10 years after a lift or reduction. Its longevity is affected by weight, pregnancy, skin aging and gravity. Supportive underwear and weight control help preserve it.

After mammoplasty, breastfeeding depends on the type of surgery. If augmentation uses an under-breast or armpit incision and the implant goes under the muscle, lactation is typically preserved because glandular tissue is not damaged. A lift or reduction has a higher risk since ducts may be cut. Discuss it with your surgeon before surgery.

When choosing implants, the factors are material (silicone looks most natural, saline is used less often), shape (round or anatomical teardrop), surface (smooth or textured), size and profile. The surgeon will find the best option for your anatomy and preferences.

The operation is done under general anesthesia, so the patient feels nothing. Over the first 1–3 days moderate discomfort may occur and is eased with painkillers. By day 5–7 pain drops noticeably, and by weeks 2–3 the discomfort has gone. If the pain is severe, let your doctor know at once.

Returning to work without physical exertion is possible after 7–14 days, and light walks after 1–2 weeks. Fitness and swimming are allowed after 4–6 weeks, strength training after 3 months, and the pool and sea after 4–6 weeks. Compression garments: 4–6 weeks. Exact timing depends on recovery.

No scientific evidence shows that mammoplasty raises the risk of breast cancer, and implants do not cause cancer. After surgery, continue regular screening with self-exams, mammography and ultrasound, and always tell the examining doctor that you have implants.

Mammoplasty after a C-section is an option, though the body should recover fully beforehand. Wait at least 6–12 months after delivery and after you finish breastfeeding. You will need a surgeon's consultation and check-up before surgery.

Mammoplasty does leave scars, but in the hands of a skilled surgeon they are minimal. Incisions are placed in hidden areas: under the breast, around the areola or in the armpit. Scars look reddish in the first months, yet within 6–12 months they fade and become nearly invisible.

Slight asymmetry in the first weeks after surgery is normal: it is caused by swelling and uneven healing. If a difference in shape or size persists after 3–6 months, see your surgeon for an examination to find the cause.

Mammoplasty may temporarily alter the sensitivity of the nipples and breasts, making it lower or higher. This is caused by irritated nerve endings. In most cases it recovers within 3–12 months. If you see no improvement after a year, contact your surgeon.

Hormonal drugs such as contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy do not influence implants directly. They may, however, cause swelling or breast tissue volume changes that temporarily affect how the breasts look. Inform your surgeon of these medications before surgery.